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(No Model.)

W. A.BERNARD.

PLIBRS. No. 526,479. PatentedSept. 25, 1894.

UNITED STATES PATENT O FICE.

WILLIAM A. BERNARD, OF NEW HAvEN, CONNECTICUT, Assicuon TO THE A WM. scHoLLHoRN COMPANY, or SAME PLACE.

PLljERS SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 526, $79, dated September 25, 1894.

Application filed M r h 1894- Sexial No.5 04 129. (No, model.) Patented in England May 6,1890, No. 7.002 in France September l, l890, 1\lo. 205,483; in Canada Ianuary 20, 189 1 No- 35,834. and in Germany July 1891, No. 57,617.

To all whom it may concern: 1

Be it known that I, WILLIAM A. BERNARD,

a citizen of the United States, residing at New Haven, in the county of New Haven and State A 5 of Connecticut, have invented an Improvements in. Pliers, (for which Letters Patent have been granted in the following countries:

between the handles is liable to be defective and to give way under strain.

Pliers have been made in which thehandles are of sheet metal and struck up hollow and the sheet metal parts cross each otherat the joint and are riveted together either by one rivet passing through the partsor by two rivetsin line with each other and joining the respective pairs of crossing plates. Pliers of this character are represented in Letters Patout No. 427,220, granted to me May 6, 1890, but in pliers of this kind the jaws themselves have been made of separatepieces of metal introduced between the sheet metal of the lever handles.

My present invention relates to pliers in which the jaws are made of sheet metal, as well as the handles, so that only two pieces of metal are necessarily employed in addition to the connecting rivet or rivets, and the jaw faces are stiifened and strengthened by the sheet metal bent at right angles to the faces and forming back flanges that extend to or are continuations of the sheet metal parts that cross at the pivot or hinge and are continuations of the hollow sheet metal handles. By this construction I am enabled to cut out the sheet metal blanks and stamp the same up to shape in proper dies so as to require little or no hand finishing, and the one part is adapted to pass through the opening in the other part and be connected by a cross rivet, andthe pliers are very strong and light.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a side View, and Fig. 2 an edge view of the pliers complete. Fig. 3 represents the blank made use of as the same is cut out from the sheet steel or other metal previous to beingstainped up to shape in suitable dies. Fig. 4 is a view endwise of the plier jaws. Fig. 5 shows a modification in the shape ofthe' jaws.

The size, shape and proportions of the respective parts will vary according to the ob- A j set for which the pliers may be constructed. Inpliers that are used for the needles of knitting machines, the jaws are long and slender. In pliers made use of for wire workers, the jaws will be shorter in proportion to the lengthof the handles. The mode of constructing the pliers however will be apparent from the following description.

The sheet'metal blank will usually be of the same size and shape for the two jaws and handles; that is to say, the portion 3 of the blank will be used for the handles, the portion 2 for the crossing plates. through which 7 5 the pivot pin or rivet D passes, and the portion 4 is adapted to be formed into a jaw of the desired shape, and there is to be cut through the sheet metal a mortise at 5.

In stamping up the sheet metal blank the handle portions are concaved or hollowed and may be roughened upon the exterior sur- 1 face as usual in plier handles. The portions 2 of the sheet metal are bent up parallel to each other so as to form an open mortise, and the portions 4 are bent up so as to form flanges at 6 in the edges of the jaw faces 0, A and hence the flanges 6 are continuations of the flat plate portions 2 through which the pivot pin D passes; and I remark that inasgo much as one jaw has to pass through the mortise between the handle and jaw of the opposite piece, it is necessary to spread the plate 2 farther apart between the handle B and jaw C, so that the jaw of the handle A 5 or the handle A itself may bepassed through the opening between the plates of the handle B, and with this object in view it is advantageous to bend the sheet metal with 01T- sets at 7 in order that the edges of the jaws may be in line with each other and to facilitate the construction of the parts.

Ido not limit myself to any size or shape of handles or jaws, as these may be properly proportioned to adapt the pliers to the desired use; and I remark that the adjacent faces of the-jaws maybe roughened as usual in pliers or be-made concave or convex, or provided with teeth upon the opposite edges I of the sheet metal flanges, as represented in Fig. 5, so as to adapt the pliers to pipes or round articles. l

By placing the coiled springG'between the parts of the handles at the pivot-so that the pivot pin holds such coil, the ends of the coiled spring will be within the U-shaped sheet metal of the handles and tend to open the pliers, and this is a convenience, especially in pliers that are used for rapid and light work.

I claim as my inventionl. The pliers made of sheet metal in two? parts each part being cut with a mortise and stamped up with ahollow handle and parallel side plates that extend and form edge flanges behind the jaw faces, the parallel side plates of one handle and jaw passing through the opening between the parallel side plates of the other handle and jaw and being con as specified.

behind the jaw face, the parallel side plates nected by a pivot and the similar jaw-faces coinciding substantially as specified.

2. The pliers made of sheet metal in two parts each part being cut witha mortise and stamped up with a hollow handle and parallel side plates that extend and form edge flanges behind the jaw face, the parallel side plates of one handle and jaw passing through the opening between the parallel side plates of the other handle and jaw and being connected by a pivot and having teeth upon the opposite edges of the parallel side plates and the similar jaw-faces coinciding, substantially 3. The pliers made of sheet metal in two parts each part being cut with a mortise and stamped up with a hollow handle and parallel side plates that extend and form edge flanges of one handle and jaw passing through the opening between the parallel side plates of the other handle and jaw and being connected by a pivot, and a spring around the pivot pin with its ends within the hollow sheet 55 metal handles, substantially as specified.

Signed by methis 13th day of March, 1894.

WILLIAM A. BERNARD.

Witnesses:

HENRY STALEY, FRANK. O. ALTMANN. 

